T hurston gordon hall



(No Model.)

T.G. HALL. I PYRO'ELEGTRIG BATTERY.

Patented Mar. 28,1893.

Q S ATES FFICEQIY rrnunsron eonnon HALL, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A'ssIeoR TO, THE HALL CHEMICAL AND GAS COMPANY, or SAME PLACE.

em QEAi-E-G ERIQ BATIERAt si ncinxoasroaro mm part of Letters Patent so. 494,199,, dated March 28,1893. "Application filed Marplifl, 1892- Serial 110.424.1823. (No model.)

1'0 (1,06 whom in may conccrnr Be it known that LTHURSTON GORDON HALL, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pyroelectric Batteries and in the Elements Thereof, of which the following,in connection with the drawings accompanying and forming a. part thereof, is a full and complete description,sufficient to enable those skilledv in the art to make and use the same.

The object of my invention is to obtain an element adapted to form in combination with other like elements a pyro-electric battery.

A'furthen object ofv my invention is to obtain a pyro-electric battery -hy'. ..means of.

- electric battery; Fig. 2, a cross-section of two of such elements connected together by elec tric conductors and Fig. 3, a cross-section of a pyro-electric battery wherein the elements illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, are employed as a part thereof.

The same letter of reference is used to indicate a given part where more than one view thereof is shown in the several figures of the drawings.

A, is a porous cup constructed of non-conducting material, as say silica.

I3, is a smaller porous cup also constructed 7 of non-conducting material, as silica. .I have found a cup well adapted for this purpose is obtainable by using the common sand crucibles well known to chemists.

0, is a mass of metal, assay iron, contained in the cup A and surrounding cup I D, is a mass of metal of opposite polarity from the metal 0, as say copper.

E, It, are electrical conductors of any suitable material adapted to convey a current of electricity, assay copper electrically each attached at one end to the mas's'Gin cup A, and at the other end thereof to the massp in alike cup A, as illustrated in 2,' 'or' td-tlic mass D in cup 13, as indicated by .dotted li'n'elettered E3, in Fig. 2, according to whether the elements of the battery are to be connected in multiple or in series, in the ordinary Way of connecting elements ofa battery for voltage or arn erage; 2 t attached at one end to the material D in cup B, and at the other end thereof, to a like mass Din a like cup B, as illustrated in Fig. 2, or to the mass 0, in cup A, as indicated by} dots .tedlines lettered .EiilhEig fi...

In the pyro-electric battery illustrated In Fig. 3, F, is the casing, constructed by" me preferably of fire-brickor other insulatin e like electrical conductors each I v .70 material adapted to withstand the action o l heat; G, an inlet pipe through which fluid orother material, may be forced intocasing F; r

H, an outlet pipe; and h, a valve therein. I, I, are pipes extending through the casing of the receptacle F; and J, a pipe having thereon branches-J, J, extending into the pipes I, I, so that when a current of gas or steam is forced theret-hrough into the easing F, an induced current. of air, r other gas will be produced through pipes I into the receptacle formed by the casing F. Wherethe air or other gas is designed to be forced into the receptacle formed by the casing F independently of theforcing of the steam or other gas thereinto throug the Pipes thepipes' 1,1, are i i Such other gas is forced through the pipsil I by blower I or by other suitable means.

The cups A are shown in elevation in Fig.

stances are forced into the receptacle formed by the casing F, through the several. pipes. I, I, and J, J, or through the pipes I, I, and J, J", and fluid orother substances are forced through pipe G thcreinto, the same may extend in the interstices between the cups, to outletlpipe ll, and through such outlet from the battery, being subjected to the electrical clcctro chemical or catalytic action obtaining in the battery, while contained therein...

. Where tl to electric current generated in the 9 3, properly arranged so that when gaseous sub- I pyro-electric battery upon the admission of steam and air thereinto through the pipes I, I and J, J, or through the pipes I, l, and J, J, is to be utilized outside of the battery, in the ordinary way of utilizing electric currents generated in an electric battery, the several cups are connected in the manner illustrated in Fig. 2, by electric conductors, preferably copper wire, and wires E, E, are constructed extending from the battery.

I have not shown the electric conductors E, E, E E illustrated in Fig. 2, and hereinbefore described, in Fig. 3, wherein the battery is shown, as the manner of connecting the several elements of the battery by such electric conductors is old and the placing of them in Fig. 3, would tend to confuse the essential features of the invention, which consist in the production of the elements and the arrangement thereof vin the manner described, and without the eriiployrnent of wire or other electric conductors other than the fluid contained'in' the battery, so that the temperature of such elements, or of the battery produced thereby, may be controlled and varied by the admission of'lleat in the form of steam or gaseousinat eri'al, through the pipes J as hereinbefore described, and thereby a thermoelectric, electro-clziemical, catalytic or other action produced,

It will be evident to those skilled in the art of electricity that I do not confine myself to the placingof iron in the cup A and copper in thecup B:' as it is immaterial in which cup the iron or the copper is placed: and that it is also immaterial Whether, in one of the cups,

iron, carbon or other material ofi opposite electrio polarity to the material contained in the other cup be used: and that for such other cup, copper, zinc or any material of opposite electric polarity with material in the first namd'cup, may be employed.

The hereinbefore described elements consisting of the porous cup A and porous cup 13 with materials C and D contained therein, respectively, are employed by me in building the pyro-electric battery illustratediu Fig. 3, but I do not confine myself to an element constructed inprecisely this manner as it is evi dent that if one of the porous cups A contain an element such as iron and the next adjacentfporo'us cup A contains an element of opposite electric polarity, such as copper, a py ro-electrie battery will be produced thcrcbyzthe elements being constructed by me as described, for the reason, principally that a larger'guantity of one of the elements there of, is ordinarily required than of the other, While'the cups A should for convenience be of the same size.

' Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. An element of a pyro-electric battery consisting of a porous insulating cup, and a secend and smaller porous insulating cup contained in the first named cup, in combination with material contained in one of said cups and material of opposite electric polarity contained in the other of saidcups; substantially as described.

2. A pyro-electric battery constructed of elements of opposite electric polarity sepa' rated from each other by porous insulating material and arranged so that heated gaseous material can be forced through the series of passages formed by the interstices obtaining in the pyro-electric pile constituting such battery; substantially as described.

3. A pyro electric battery consisting of an insulating casing, a series of elements arranged therein to form a series of passageways therethrongh, such elements consisting of materials of opposite electric polarity separated from each other, by porous insulating material an inlet and an outlet pipe through such casing, and inlet pipes for heated gas eous material and air extending through such casing, substantially as described.

4. A pyro-elect'ric battery constructed of elements of opposite'electric polarity, separated from each other by porous insulating material and arranged so that heated gaseous material can be forced through the series of passages formed by-the interstices obtaining in the pyro-electric pile constitutifig such battery, an insulating casing surrounding the battery, an air and a steam inlet pipe through such casinv and an inlet pipe for fluid or other materials through the casing, and an outlet pipe for such fluid and other materials from the casing whereby air, steam, tluid, and other material can be forced through the interstices obtaining in the battery, and subjected to the electric action thereof While contained therein, substantially as described.

5. A pyro-electric battery consisting of an insulated chamber, a sericsot' elements of opposite electric polarity contained in porous insulating cups and thereby separated from each other and arranged so that heated gascous material can be forced through the series of passages formed by the interstices extending between the elements, and electric conductors connecting such elements whereby the electric current generated by the battery can be collected and conveyed there from; substantially as described.

'lllUltS'lON GORDON HALL. Witnesses:

Janus W. GHISIIOLM, Cumulus '1. BROWN. 

